Working in Partnership in Health and Social Care essayEssay Writing Service

Working in Partnership in Health and Social Care essayEssay Writing Service Working in Partnership in Health and Social Care article Working in Partnership in Health and Social Care essayThe instance of the mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A Serious uncovers the full degree to which the association in wellbeing and social organization is significant be that as it may, simultaneously, raises the issue of the obligation and risk of medicinal services experts and social specialists for the arrangement of patients with human services administrations and social administrations of the high caliber. In such manner, the improvement of powerful arrangements that can keep up the tight authority over the nature of medicinal services social administrations accommodated patients, particularly the maturing populace and patients that have exceptional necessities. The instance of the mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A Serious has stunned the country at the same time, simultaneously, this case has set off the open weight on the administration and administrators to upgrade the current enactment and approaches to improve the nature of human services administrations and social services.Section AThe wellbeing and social consideration association is significant on the grounds that it opens wide possibilities for the advancement of closer participation between medicinal services associations and social laborers. Actually, the achievement of the association reasoning is the possibility of the arrangement of patients with the full scope of administrations that is especially significant for older patients, who develop increasingly more reliant on wellbeing and social consideration administrations. Truth be told, the wellbeing and social consideration association permits wellbeing and social consideration associations to furnish patients with the wide scope of administrations making them increasingly accessible to them. For instance, numerous individuals, who have genuine medical issues, can't generally rely on social consideration since they simply don't think about such consider ation or they can't take an interest in related projects in view of their incapacity. Rather, associations in wellbeing and social consideration improve the communication among wellbeing and social consideration associations. Subsequently, when a doctor sees that a patient needs social consideration, at that point he/she may answer to a social consideration association and it will help the patient giving social consideration benefits the patient needs.Furthermore, the way of thinking of organization in wellbeing and social consideration centers around the improvement of the personal satisfaction of patients, since human services experts and social laborers can set better expectations of care for patients, particularly, those, who are subject to parental figures however don't have relatives, who can play out the job of guardians. Actually, the wellbeing and social consideration organization adds to the general improvement of the nature of care that normally adds to the improvement of the personal satisfaction of patients, who experience the ill effects of genuine medical issues and need social consideration simultaneously. Frequently patients with genuine medical issues can't gain admittance to social consideration since it needs time and endeavors from their part, while their wellbeing condition may force noteworthy restrictions on their development, for instance, if there should be an occurrence of physical inability. Therefore, patients may neglect to get social consideration however the wellbeing and social consideration association infers that patients, who need social consideration will get it alongside wellbeing care.On the other hand, the Mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A Serious case uncovers the way that the wellbeing and social consideration organization isn't generally viable and fruitful. Truth be told, the issue of expert carelessness and the poor correspondence between human services experts and social laborers can sabotage th e adequacy of association in medicinal services and social consideration. Simultaneously, the association in wellbeing and social consideration being coordinated in one association raises the danger of control and abuse of the association for advantages of associations instead of for advantages of patients. In such manner, the Mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A Serious case demonstrates that such association might be very perilous for patients.Therefore, the successful usage of the association in human services and social work is conceivable just on the state of the compelling observing and control of the presentation of experts giving wellbeing and social consideration administrations and associations answerable for the arrangement of such administrations. The checking and power over the association in wellbeing and social consideration expands the obligation of associations working in the business since they are lawfully at risk for the infringement of existing standards and guidelines concerning wellbeing and social care.Therefore, the adequacy of wellbeing and social consideration organization between is sketchy deciding from the Mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A Serious case. At any rate, the danger of expert carelessness and the need if powerful authority over associations giving wellbeing and social consideration in organization increment the danger of the infringement of human privileges of patients, their maltreatment, while at times, patients’ life might be under a danger. Such cases are obviously unsuitable and negatively affect the viability of wellbeing and social consideration association however such organization ought to be entirely capable. Actually, it is the observing and control that can help government administrative bodies to recognize instances of poor people or careless work of experts working in the wellbeing and social consideration organization however frequently such cases are hard to di stinguish. In any case, the way of thinking and capability of social and human services are critical that makes their organization a powerful device that can assist with improving the personal satisfaction of the population.Section BHealth and social consideration associations may utilize various models that decide the idea of organization and relations of gatherings engaged with the organization. In such manner, it is conceivable to recognize a few key headings in the advancement of organization models in wellbeing and social consideration part. To start with, the wellbeing and social consideration organization model might be founded on the full government contribution and command over the association. In such a case, the legislature is regularly straightforwardly associated with the organization with the administering body of a social insurance establishment being selected and constrained by the specialists. The use of this model includes the broad subsidizing and exacting control from the piece of the administration, while wellbeing and social consideration experts work under guidelines and severe control of government bodies.However, this model isn't the best one on the grounds that the unnecessary contribution of the legislature in medicinal services raises the issue of the inadequacy of experts delegated by the legislature, particularly if there should be an occurrence of chiefs, who have no clinical foundation and can't generally see how to oversee wellbeing and social consideration association viably. Simultaneously, the exacting government control may raise the issue of organization in the wellbeing and social consideration association that will diminish its effectiveness.Nevertheless, the legislature controlled organization is the most solid as far as the perception of existing standards and norms in the field of wellbeing and social consideration. In such a case, the danger of such cases as the Mid Staffordshire NHS establishment trust and Adult A c ase is low in light of the fact that the tight command over wellbeing and social consideration associations from the piece of the legislature demoralizes workers from careless performance.Alternatively, the organization model may incorporate the circulation of capacities and duties between the administration and medicinal services association. In such a case, the administration is for the most part answerable for social consideration part of the association and may meddle straightforwardly into social consideration administrations and control the social consideration accommodated patients, while clinics or medicinal services associations give human services administrations to patients. The legislature can just lead checking and reviewing of the medicinal services association with in certain timetable and can't meddle straightforwardly into working of the social insurance association. Truth be told, such association model is very compelling yet again it needs the nearby cooperation a mong wellbeing and social consideration associations and the legislature. The legislature should screen and control the association in wellbeing and social consideration at the same time, simultaneously, they government ought not forestall social and medicinal services associations from their immediate capacities and their fulfilment.Working in Partnership in Health and Social Care exposition section 2

Ch 9 Criminal Justice Administration Free Essays

1)What elements add to the remedial populaces? What effect do medicate laws have on them? a. Truth-in-condemning laws have added to the expansion just as inability to restore. The expansion and get serious about medication related laws have contributed a huge segment of the populace. We will compose a custom exposition test on Ch 9 Criminal Justice Administration or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now 2)What are a portion of the major regulatory situations inside a jail framework? a. A portion of the major managerial positions are jail chief, open undertakings facilitator, authoritative liason, lawful consultants, inner issues delegate, medicinal services experts, remedial program experts, and human administration. )How do supermax detainment facilities work uniquely in contrast to different penitentiaries? What concearns have been raised concerning the supposed consequences for prisoners, legality, and open security. a. Supermax jails work contrastingly in the manner they need to make sure about the jail and detainee, and house them in singular cells. Concearns that have been raised are things like the state of repression, there is no wellbeing pad gave these hoodlums escape, mental damage from the manner in which they are housed, and ailments. )What are at any rate five of the significant U. S. Preeminent Court choices managing rights to detainees? a. Ruffun v. Commonweath, Turn er v. Safley, Cooper V. Pate, Johnson V. Avery, and Bounds V. Smith are largely cases managing rights to detainees. 5) When and how did such choices serve to end the hands-off tenet? a. They began in 1871 and they served to end the precept by demonstrating that detainees ought not so much be gotten from the constitution. )What is an immediate management prison, and how can it contrast in the structure and capacity from conventional correctional facilities? a. An immediate oversight prison is another face on the old method of correctional facilities. It contrasts by physical condition, isolating official from detainee, permitting officials to have an immediate view, and milder furnishings. 7)Why was the Prison Litigation Reform Act instituted, and has it had an effect? a. It was sanctioned to give resoutions to jail condition claims and debilitate misuse. It has had an effect by diminishing prisoner petitions. 8)In what significant ways do correctional facilities vary from penitentiaries in their association and organization? Help with prisoner reemergence once more into the network? a. They contrast for the most part through who investigates them. Correctional facilities fill in as agaents of progress and have objectives for aiding reemergence. 9)What are the essential elements of a prison chairman? a. They are law masters. 10)What are the points of interest gather to a revisions office on the off chance that it is accreditited? a. Favorable circumstances are having best in class technique, improving confidence and polished methodology and significantly more. 11)What are the different kinds of probation frameworks controlled in the US? Depict each. a. Adolescent which screens adolescents on state civil or region level, Municipal which is autonomous and is directed by the lower courts, district which works under state law, state which is unified and offers support all through the state, state consolidated which is both probation and parole, and government which is regulated by the bureaucratic courts. 2)Should Probation administrations be set inside the legal or official part of government? Safeguard your answer a. They ought to be put with official since they are responsible for doing the laws need to see who tails them or not. 13)What are the two fundamental models of parole organization? a. The two essential models of parole organization are the autonomous model and the combined model. Step by step instructions to refer to Ch 9 Criminal Justice Administration, Essay models

Lowell

Lowell Lowell, city (1990 pop. 103,439), a seat of Middlesex co., NE Mass., at the confluence of the Merrimack and Concord rivers; settled 1653, set off from Chelmsford 1826, inc. as a city 1836. High-technology computer industries have developed there; other manufactures include electronic and electrical equipment, textiles, rubber products, chemicals, machine parts, foodstuffs, shoes, and plastics. The city grew after textile mills were built at Pawtucket Falls, and it became one of the major textile centers of the country. The Boott Cotton Mills Museum, several mill girl boardinghouses, and the town's historic canal system are preserved in the Lowell National Historical Park, which also traces 19th-century industrial development (see National Parks and Monuments (table)); the American Textile History Museum is adjacent. A campus of the Univ. of Massachusetts is in Lowell. The city has several fine parks, and James Whistler 's birthplace is preserved. Charles Dickens visited Low ell in 1842 and described it in American Notes. See J. P. Coolidge, Mill and Mansion (1942, repr. 1967); T. Bender, Toward an Urban Vision (1982). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Themes in the Novel and Movie Adaptation of James Cain’s...

Themes in the Novel and Movie Adaptation of James Cain’s Mildred Pierce In contemporary film making, â€Å"Hollywood-ization† generally refers to the re-creation of a classic work in a form more vulgar and sexually explicit than the original in an effort to boost movie attendance. After all, sex and violence sell. However, from the mid-1930’s to the 1950’s, â€Å"Hollywood-ization† referred to the opposite case where controversial books had to be purified to abide by the Production Code of 1934.[1] This occurred to many of James Cain’s novels as they moved from text to the genre of â€Å"film noir.† As has been said about Cain’s The Postman Always Rings Twice, â€Å"The property, bought several years ago, was kept in the studio’s archives until now†¦show more content†¦A particularly strong theme that runs through the entire novel is the unusual power that women play over the men in their lives. Rather than simply being passive to the impulses of men, Mildred takes charge of her life and decides which men she will be with and leaves those that she no longer has an affection for. Cain dives into more controversial territory by having Mildred use men for her own sexual satisfaction. Cain also moves women into the role of successful ‘breadwinners’ during a time where men generally held financial power further blurring traditional roles of gender. However, Mildred does not completely free herself of all familial responsibilities as she is still held captive through her obsession with her daughter Veda. As with many housewives, her sense of self-identity is drawn from her role as a mother and she caters to the desires of her daughter to the point that they are almost self-destructive. It is Veda’s extravagant tastes that drive her mother to work hard and draws resources away from her business ultimately resulting in its collapse. Moreover, Mildred must deal with the lack of gratitude and outright contempt that she receives from her own daughter for working in a â€Å"blue collar† job. Madden is right stating that the book provided an unpopularized version of life in the 1930’s. However, it ultimately doesn’t not goShow MoreRelatedJames M. Cain s Mildred Pierce And The Movie Version ``896 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a common belief, in modern and traditional film industry, that almost every adaptation (loose, faithful and strict) from novel to film is considered a backslide or a disloyalty to the original author and readers. However, in 1945 Warner Bros. produced the movie Mildred Pierce based on the same name novel written by James M. Cain. This film not only became an exception in this general view, but also amazed the audience and even Cain himself by extraordinary performances and unique edit techniqueRead MoreJames M. Cain s Mildred Pierce765 Words   |  4 Pages Adapted from 300-page novel to a 2-hour movie, Michael Curtiz’s Mildred Pierce is a prime example of a loose Hollywood adaption that makes drastic changes in characters, na rrative configurations, and framing structure to conform to the standards and expectations of American cinema. Most ostensibly, the movie employs murder as a framing device and a hook to draw the audience’s attention to Mildred’s story, therefore transforming the linear, chronological plot of the novel into an episodic and achronological

What Does Meaningful Work Mean For You As An Individual

Reflect on ‘’what does meaningful work mean for you as an individual’’ There is no denying that human being need to some sort of purpose in their lives, and work is part of that. As a last year student, I started to thinking the meaning of work and how to be meaningful. What is meaning for work as a human being? After reading the book ‘Work’, I understood that the meaning of work is not only earning money to survive, but also fitting necessity psychological needs, that is source of satisfaction, self-fulfilment as well as identification, and belongs to the realm of freedom. (Svendsen, 2014, p.37) How do human being gets meaning from the work? I thought people can get meaning form work through the individual level or the organisation level. Some people bring a sense of meaning and mission with them to the workplace, and some organisation good at creating meaningful workplaces where every employee becomes part of creating success, cohesiveness, and culture at work. In fact, how many people truly experience their work as meaningful? From my past part-time experience, I can attest that large numbers of my colleagues do not. I used to be a McDonald staff in Taiwan. My work was about taking order for customers, and then giving it to customers. As soon as a staff completed the order, another one would automatically be directed to his or her extensions. In addition, not only the number of complaints from customers but also the amount of time staff spent complete an order wouldShow MoreRelatedMeaningful Work1492 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2013 The Meaning of Work When one thinks of meaningful work, generally they think of labor that accomplishes a certain goal. They think of a prestigious job or occupation that has meaning to it. But meaningful work can mean a lot more than just a prestigious job or having meaning to something you do. Meaningful work can be as simple as feeding the birds in the park on a Saturday morning. It can be helping someone out or looking out for someone in need. Meaningful work can be defined as enjoymentRead MoreMeaning Of Life : Susan Wolf s Article, Happiness And Meaning : Two Aspects Of The Good Life Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the meaning of life? What gives life meaning? Philosophers have asked these questions for decades, and there still is not a solid answer to the question. This paper will analyze one modern philosopher’s take on the question: What gives life meaning? Susan Wolf is a modern moral philosopher and philosopher of action and mind. She attended two Ivy League institutions for he r undergraduate and graduate careers. Wolf received a Bachelor’s of Arts in Philosophy and Math from Yale University, andRead MoreAssignment 1 Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesFinal Exam Read the following short essay, and then write a 3-5 page response (12-point font, double-spaced, normal margins, no cover page, no binders). Your response should do the following three things: (1) state what the main conclusion of the essay is; (2) state what the most important premises (including sub-conclusions) are—i.e., state which premises are most important if the argument is to rationally convince its audience; (3) evaluate the quality of the argument, giving detailed reasonsRead MoreWhat Makes A Family?796 Words   |  4 Pagesorder(tranquility), meaningful work, growth, and truth. I strongly believe in each one of these components. Having a family is so important because they are a main support system. Family doesn’t have to be someone who is blood related. Family can be anyone who you feel means a lot to you and supports you. Maintaining order(tranquility) is important because in the work place, you need to have organization of some sort. With order, everyth ing will simply fall into place. Meaningful work describes itselfRead MoreHappiness Is A Connection Between Happiness And Success?972 Words   |  4 Pages What makes us happy and what frames this idea of happiness for an individual? Is there a connection between happiness and success? Most of the buzz is about the capability of measuring of happiness. This idea is important but it is overshadowing what the overall picture is about. When you focus on measuring your level of happiness instead of concentrating on being happy this will drop your happiness levels and make the results inaccurate. If you want to be as happy as possible we have to find outRead More1. Does A Good Life Require Us To Pursue Just One Intrinsic1559 Words   |  7 Pages1. Does a good life require us to pursue just one intrinsic value or several? I am a Prudential Pluralist because for me best life is combination of several values. In my perspective, mental peace is hard to achieve by just focusing and adapting on one single value. I prefer different values because â€Å"Life is not linear; you have ups and downs, it’s how you deal with the troughs that defines you†. Following just one value limit my thoughts and make my life unidirectional. As I have examinedRead MoreWhat is Success?822 Words   |  3 Pageseveryone. It is not determined by how well one does against another, but rather is measured only against oneself. Success can be understood as a product of many essential factors. Success comes from taking whatever abilities we have and using them to our greatest power. There are characteristics that are related to being an impressive individual, therefore supporting and relating to becoming successful coaches and athletes. Being successful doesn’t always mean having a nice house, job, etc. S uccess isRead MoreThe Role Of Meaningful Work On Work Motivation Theories1286 Words   |  6 PagesRole of Meaningful work in Work Motivation theories 1. Introduction Work signifies an important aspect of human being’s life owing to the outcomes related with it, such as economic outcomes (salary, financial incentives), social status and fulfillment of needs. This had inspired organizational scholars to explore, what motivates one to work, leading to tremendous research on work motivation. Motivation theories can be classified through three predominant approaches (Chalofsky, 2003): 1. ContentRead MoreEffect of Technology on Humanity795 Words   |  4 Pageswhere technology surrounds and influences humanity one must consider whether technology is changing how we think, feel and act. Is technology influencing humanity or is humanity influencing technology? The questions of what ultimately influences human behavior and how the causation works, and whether technology is the influence or is humanity the influence over technology are important questions for all of society. The Significance of Social Social technology is permeating everything in our livesRead MoreThe Rights Of A New Community1725 Words   |  7 Pagesopportunity along with means to accomplish this. An important problem in this theory over a larger degree, nonetheless, can be that particular should decipher precisely what this attributes of the suitable are in a new community. The particular community should evaluate which rights the idea would like to uphold and allow to help its folks. To ensure that a new community to ascertain precisely what rights the idea would like to enact, the idea should come to a decision precisely what this society s ambitions

Marie is a 13 year old female Free Essays

Marie is a 13 year old female, who, along with 2 adults (both age 18), staged a kidnapping of a 13 year old girl in Marie’s class. They tied and gagged the little girl to the kidnapping spot. Should Marie be brought to trial as a juvenille or tried in an adult court? Is Marie classified as a juvenile offender? To answer these questions we will look at what classifies a juvenile offender, offenses that constitutes juvenile tried as adults, criminal intent surrounding Marie’s case, what sentencing guidelines should be considered and what treatment conditions should be made. We will write a custom essay sample on Marie is a 13 year old female or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a sad fact that people of all ages commit crimes, yes, even children under legal age of adult hood which varies from state to state. Because of this â€Å"juvenile† court systems have been designed to â€Å"sentence† those who are too young to be tried as an adult. Those juvenile that commit crimes usually are tried before a special the juvenile court and receive their punishment. However, some juvenile are committing adult crimes and therefore should be charged as adults. When these cases arise a juvenile offender can be waived from juvenile court to adult court if the offense was â€Å"adult† enough. Usually a wavering processing has to be conducted via the procecustor. However, many states have laws allowing prosecutors to file adult charges against juvenile offenders for serious offenses without applying for a waiver (www.expertlaw.com). In addition, many states have seen the need to eliminate some serious offensives from juvenile court. Because of their severity; offenses such as capital crimes, murders, and other offenses against persons will be tried only in adult courts. According to www.co.san-joaquin.ca.us, those adolesants at least 14 years of age can be tried and sentenced to as an adult form a number of felonies. These felonies include: murder, attempted murder, arson, robbery with a deadly or dangerous weapon, various forms of rape, kidnapping, and carjacking. It is vital to point out that under most state laws, juvenile offenders do not commit crimes, they commit delinquent acts that some would constitute as crimes in committed by adults. With the understanding of juvenile offenders and what offenses permit a juvenile to be tried as an adult, should Marie be tried as an adult for her involvement in the kidnapping of her classmate? In my opinion, yes Marie should be tried as an adult. As a juvenile offender tried as an adult she will have the legal protection as adult’s defendants: right to an attorney, the right to remain silent, and the right to confront accusers, cross-examine witnesses and appeal to a higher court. According to the legal dictonary criminal intent is a mental desire and will to act in a particular way. Marie’s intent was plotting with the adults to kidnap her classmate. Because juvenile are not â€Å"sentenced† even when tried as adults, instead they are rehabilitated, Marie should still face a juror of six adults. Her past history with the juvenile system, opportunity of reform, seriousness and her involvement in the kidnapping as well as how the public’s safety will be affected if she is not locked up should be considered in the guidelines of the sentencing of the case. Treatment consideration should be provided to the court as a rehabilitation program such as a detention center or â€Å"boot camp†. Even if this is her first offense, it is clear by her involvement in this crime that she is headed down the wrong path and redirection is in order. It is known by adult court judges that the adult prisons offer little in the way of rehabilitation, counseling, or schooling. Therefore rehabilitation is mostly likely the route the juvenile would get. A rehabilitation center would provide her the maximum security training schools operated by state governments or non-profit organizations. In these facilities she would be placed through a rigorous program of education and counseling. Marie should not be sent to an adult prison, as a 1996 study of children sent to an adult prison were 1/3 more likely to commit crimes when released than those who were sent to a rehabilitation center (Juvenile Justice).   If she is transferred into a boot camp, she would be involved in a military style regimen or hard work, calisthenics and discipline (Kresnak, pg 04). According to Jack Kresnak, the purposes of these camps are imposing structure into their chaotic live. Even though I have suggested and support Marie being tried as an adult for her involvement in this terrible crime and refer her to obtaining rehabilitation for her actions, this is not saying that juveniles are not sentenced to pinion. In retrospect, www.expertlaw.com was quick to point out that many states have large juvenile prisons and treatment facilities. It is highly understood that some juvenile offenders are extremely dangerous and despite their age incarceration can and should be appropriate for them. It is also vital to know that if tried as a juvenile, these juvenile offenders are not offered the same guidelines as adults. They have no constitutional right to a jury trial, and do have a right to a public trail or bail. The purpose of juvenile trail is to rehabilitate not to punish. That is why I stand firm on my ground that Marie should be tried as an adult. She committed a crime and being tried as an adult will ensure that she is â€Å"scared† into the proper social behavior. However, the only problem we foresee in her being tried as an adult is that Marie is only 13 years of age. Most states as we have read allow children as young as 14 to be tried as an adult for various felonies, because of this legal catch, can we still have her tried as an adult? Yes, in the state of Colorado according to http://www.state.co.us/gov_dir. â€Å"a juvenile 12 or 13 years of age and is alleged to have committed an act that if committed by an adult would constitute a Class 1 or 2 felony or crime of violence as defined in section 18-1.3-406, C.R.S.† can be tried as an adult. Because of this law in Colorado I conclude that Marie should be tried as an adult for her involvement in the kidnapping of her classmate and sentenced to a rehabilitation center or boot camp. In either place, she will gain the educational and discipline to become a better citizen and well rounded person and hopefully become reformed enough to play an active, good moral role in our society upon her completion of the program. Refrences: When a Child can be tried as an adult, A publication of the office of Legilaive legal services. August 30, 2005.       https://www.expertlaw.com/library/criminal/juvenile_law.html Criminal Law: Juvenile Criminal Cases. 1999 National Report Series, Juvenile Justice.    Bulletin: Juvenile Justice: A Century of Change: December 1999.      Kresnak, Jack. Chapter 2, Juvenile Justice. http://www.justicejournalism.org/crimeguide/chapter02/chapter02_pg04.html How to cite Marie is a 13 year old female, Essay examples

Management Accounting Case Assignment Essay Example

Management Accounting Case Assignment Essay Management Accounting Case Assignment BY Allele Case 8-28. Evaluating a Companys Budget Procedures. 1 . Identify the problems that exist in Ferguson Sons Manufacturing Companys budgetary control system and explain how the problems are likely to reduce the effectiveness of the system. The overall companys strategy is not well defined by executives and communicated to the management. There is no goal other the cost reduction at total company level as well as at departmental level. Managers dont see connection between expenses, revenues and overall companys profitability. As a result managers are frustrated because instead of help that budget is suppose to bring it creates problems. Managers dont participate in budgets development; it is purely a task of an accounting department which sets up performance goals for the company as a whole and all its divisions. Accounting department also controls the execution; other departments managers are completely removed from that process, they are only informed about their departments performance at the monthly meeting. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It turns out that department managers are accountable for the results that they never truly omitted to. This approach would lower companys performance on the long run, when managers loose motivation they are not interested to deliver good results. Accounting departments has a very distant relationship with other operational departments; they concentrate on evaluating only financial goals, looking strictly at the numbers. They are only concerned with the cost reduction and continue to tighten the individual budgets once performance goal is met. At the same time it looks like budget tightening strategy may become unreasonable because at some mint the only way the department can meet the budget is by sacrificing its quality for quantity. If quality becomes an issue, it may lose customers and potentials profits. The way the managers performance is being evaluated does not seem to be fair. Managers are not recognized well enough if they met the budget or even saved more than expected. They are being rewarded with the tighter budget every time they achieve the goal. However if expenses end up to be higher than predicted, managers get a low rating during their monthly performance evaluation. The only motivation for managers to meet the budget is trying to avoid the low performance rating. With the current strategy managers are not rewarded for the good performance instead they are punished in both cases when they meet the budget and get the tighter goal or when they dont deliver expected savings and given lower performance rating which also affect their income. In this circumstance some managers may decide to leave the company and it may be hard to replace them, especially the most experienced ones. Company will incur the additional costs related to hiring the replacements. Operational processes are not well coordinated when special orders are given analysis being done to investigate the cause and no recommendations are made on how to avoid certain costs and improve the performance. The work between departments is not well coordinated either because all departments are over concerned with meeting their monthly budgets. The maintenance department chooses not to help machine shop to fix their broken equipment Just to save time they need to meet their own department budget. However at the total companys level expenses are higher because of idle time that loud be avoided if the maintenance department reacted to the problem on a timely manner. When departments can, they choose to first perform the Jobs that could be done with less time than budgeted; as a result the more important Jobs are being postponed. As a result the whole companys performance may suffer. Company would have to pay additional costs for idle time or for delaying Jobs that are more critical but require more time to complete then allowed by the budget. 2. Explain how Ferguson Sons Manufacturing Companys budgetary control system could be revised to improve its effectiveness. To be more efficient the companys budget has to be done for the whole company. Departmental budgets should not be separately developed and evaluated since they are all part of the same company. In addition to setting cost reducing goals, it also has to set up revenue and profitability targets. In addition to financial, it should have non financial measurements against which performance should be evaluated. The overall companys strategy has to be reflected in the budget goals. Budgeting has to become a common effort for all level of managers when every manager participates n the goal setting discussions, agrees on the goal and feels accountability for the result. While developing budget, a set of clear and specific expectations has to be prepared which will help managers to compare actual and budgeted results. Accounting department role has to change, instead of setting goals and controlling the performance it has to provide support to managers to help them to set up their own goals and provide with data supported by analysis to help managers to understand where the potential problems can be and make a decision on how to improve the performance. Variance analysis has to be done on a regular basis, all variances to the plan have to be investigated and explained, and then appropriate action should be taken to avoid the potential variance in the future. Variance investigation should be a common effort for managers and accountants because while accountants are responsible for the financial part, managers provide expertise into other operational processes that they are responsible for in their departments. All the internal processes and expenses have to be analyses, especially ones that affect two or more departments. This would help to avoid some costs. To achieve companys efficiency, all its internal Once budget is set it has to be reviewed and adjusted during every budgeting cycle. The tightening of the budget would only make sense if it does not sacrifice quality and does not lower motivation. Companys goals have to be realistic and could be revised if internal or external conditions change. Executives should also revise their performance recognition system and to tie individual managers clear goals to the results. Once manager understands the goals and feels his accountability he would be better motivated to meet these goals. Company should develop effective rewards and recognitions system other then budget tightening to increase managers involvement in companys performance and to retain its best employees. Case 108-5. Ethics and the Manager; Rigging Standards. 1 . How did Preston Lansing probably rig the standard costs are the standards set too high or too low? Explain. Since Lansing rigged the standards so that they were always large favorable variances it means that he was setting standard costs too high because positive variance appears when goods produced at the lower costs then standards. That is he way to artificially overestimate Costs of Goods Sold and underestimate Operating Income up until the positive variance is recognized. The way the costs are manipulated is when the positive variances are gradually recognized throughout a year showing increasing performance in second and third quarter and demonstrating the highest performance in the forth quarter. 2. Should Preston Lansing be permitted to continue his practice of managing reported earnings? This is an example of earnings manipulation and it should not be permitted. First of all Preston is being rewarded based on last quarter/year end results. The bonus would not be as high if the earnings were not manipulated. This creates an ethical issue for the company. Manipulation should not be rewarded. Income Statement does not represent a true picture of companys performance which may hide the existing problems. This is not acceptable from the external reporting prospective, when external users of the information are being misguided on companys true performance. 3. What should Stacy Cummins do in this situation? Stacy was concerned about her findings and notified the president of the situation, but did not receive his support. She could go further and bring it to the attention of the Board of Directors, particularly the audit committee, and outline problems that it may create for the company. It may not have desirable results since Board of Directors may already be aware about the issue but does not want to change anything in the current situation. If Stacks actions have no results and she feels insecure in the current situation she may choose to leave the company to avoid potential problems if any controversy arises as a result of companys unacceptable accosting practices and she may be liable for the professional misconduct.

Roots Of Individualism In Europe Essays - Christian Philosophy

Roots Of Individualism In Europe Essays - Christian Philosophy Roots Of Individualism In Europe Roots of Individualism in Europe During the Middle Ages, independent thought was viewed disdainfully. Almost any idea deviating from the status quo, largely determined by the Roman Catholic Church, was condemned as heresy. One convicted of such a grievous offense was often excommunicated or killed, either by means of a proper execution or by a hostile mob. However, with the decline of the Middle Ages, the conditions arose for the birth of individualismthe development of which can be traced through the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the rise of capitalism. Individualism was a radical ideological revolution that forever altered the face of Europe and the rest of the world. The beginning of individualisms gradual evolution was first manifested in the Renaissance Era. The Renaissance was a ripe time ready for change. The weakening role of the Catholic Church led to an increase in power for the masses. Corruption plagued Church officials and many sought theological respite elsewhere. The reemphasis of ancient Greek and Roman texts proffered alternatives for many to satisfy their religious needs. This helped contribute to the abolishment of the Churchs imposition of its absolute truth and its claim to ultimate authority. As the church lost power, so did the political units. The bonds between church and state began to erode. Feudalism declined, Babbitt 2 hence giving rise to new political opportunity. The noble class no longer held a monopoly on the valued positions in society. Rather, one was able to pursue wealth and fame through various endeavors ranging from artist to soldier. The most empowering change of this era was the dominance of a secular attitude and the decline of church absolutism. This secular viewpoint altered mans reason for existence from an otherworldly quest to an intimate, immediate appreciation for that which exists on earth. Humanism is a primary source of individualism. Pico della Mirandolas Oration on the Dignity of Man captures the essence of the humanist movement. He writes that God gave man the ability to make of himself what he wills. Although man is capable of depraved acts, he also possesses the profundity to distinguish him as a holy being. Pico praises the goodness of mankind when he writes, man is rightly called and judged a great miracle and a wonderful creature indeed. This Renaissance perspective varies from the idea it replaced that held man as an intrinsically evil being. Picos oration, representative of the Renaissance itself, placed a higher importance on mankind, hence endowing members of society with a sense of pride rather than shame in their humanity. No longer did the church determine piety and greatness, but it was the common man who was now able to make this measurement. This represents a drastic step towards individualism. The Reformation was an epoch that increased the right and power of the individual. As a reaction against rampant church corruption, Martin Luther publicized complaints against the church. Luthers criticism sparked a revolution that resulted in the Babbitt 3 formation of several new religionsLutheranism, Calvanism, Anabaptism, and Protestantism. These new faiths undermined the church as having an absolute truth because each religion claimed to have an absolute truth of their own, separate from their counterparts. One now had the option to freely choose his or her faith rather than accept beliefs that were forced upon him. Also, theology adapted from one dictatorial faith to a variety that better suited society and its members. The people rather an establishment deemed what theological ideas were to be embraced and rejected. Lutheranism differs from Catholicism in the understanding and interpretation of three major areas: determination of salvation, source of truth, and basis of the church. The Catholic Church believed that salvation was achieved through Gods grace. In other words, humans were at the mercy of God whether they were to be saved or not. Luther professed that faith was the necessary element for salvation. He wrote, Faith redeems, corrects, and preserves our consciences so that we know that righteousness does not consist in works our righteousness is not in them, but in faith. Humans, therefore, had the power of self-determination in relation to their salvation. Through faith, one could achieve salvation. The Catholic Church believed that priests, who held the power of absolution, and

Spanish Words Adopted Into English

Spanish Words Adopted Into English Rodeo, pronto, taco, enchilada - English or Spanish? The answer, of course, is both. For English, like most languages, has expanded over the years through assimilation of words from other tongues. As people of different languages intermingle, inevitably some of the words of one language become words of the other. It doesnt take someone who studies etymology to look at a Spanish-language website (or the websites in nearly any other language) to see how English vocabulary, particularly as it relates to technical subjects, is spreading. And while English now may be giving more words to other languages than it is absorbing, that wasnt always true. For the English vocabulary today is as rich as it is largely because it accepted words from Latin (mostly by way of French). But theres also a small share of the English language that is derived from Spanish. Many Spanish words have come to us from three primary sources. As you can hypothesize from the list below, many of them entered American English in the days of Mexican and  Spanish cowboys working in what is now the U.S. Southwest. Words of Caribbean origin entered English by way of trade. The third major source is  food vocabulary, especially for foods whose names have no English equivalent, as the intermingling of cultures has expanded our diets as well as our vocabulary. As you can see, many of the words changed meaning upon entering English, often by adopting a narrower meaning than in the original language. Following is a list, by no means complete, of Spanish loanwords that have become assimilated into the English vocabulary. As noted, some of them were adopted into the Spanish language from elsewhere before they were passed on to English. Although most of them retain the spelling and even (more or less) the pronunciation of Spanish, they are all recognized as English words by at least one reference source. adios (from adià ³s)adobe (originally Coptic tobe, brick)aficionadoalbinoalcove (from Spanish alcoba, originally Arabic al-qubba)alfalfa (originally Arabic al-fasfasah. Many other English words beginning with al were originally Arabic, and many may have had a Spanish-language connection in becoming English.)alligator (from el lagarto, the lizard)alpaca (animal similar to a llama, from Aymara allpaca)armadaarmadillo (literally, the little armed one)arroyo (English regionalism for stream)avocado (originally a Nahuatl word, ahuacatl)bajada (a geological term referring to a type of alluvial slope at the base of a mountain, from bajada, meaning slope)banana (word, originally of African origin, entered English via either Spanish or Portuguese)bandoleer (type of belt, from bandolera)barbecue (from barbacoa, a word of Caribbean origin)barracudabizarre (some sources, not all, say this word came from the Spanish bizarro)bonanza (although the Spanish bonanza can be used synonymously with the E nglish cognate, it more often means calm seas or fair weather) booby (from bobo, meaning silly or selfish)bravo (from either Italian or Old Spanish)bronco (means wild or rough in Spanish)buckaroo (possibly from vaquero, cowboy)bunco (probably from banco, bank)burrito (literally little donkey)burrocafeteria (from cafeterà ­a)caldera (geological term)canary (Old Spanish canario entered English by way of French canarie)canasta (the Spanish word means basket)cannibal (originally of Caribbean origin)canoe (the word was originally Caribbean)canyon (from caà ±Ãƒ ³n)cargo (from cargar, to load)castanet (from castaà ±eta)chaparral (from chaparro, an evergreen oak)chaps (from Mexican Spanish chaparreras)chihuahua (dog breed named after Mexican city and state)chile relleno (Mexican food)chili (from chile, derived from Nahuatl chilli)chili con carne (con carne means with meat)chocolate (originally xocolatl, from Nahuatl, an indigenous Mexican language)churro (Mexican food)cigar, cigarette (from cigarro)cilantrocinch (from cincho, belt)cocaine (from coca, from Quechua kà ºka) cockroach (Two English words, cock and roach, were combined to form cockroach. It is believed, but isnt certain, that the words were chosen because of their similarity to the Spanish cucaracha.)coco (type of tree, from icaco, originally Arawak ikaku from the Caribbean)comrade (from camarada, roommate)condor (originally from Quechua, an indigenous South American language)conquistadorcorralcoyote (from the Nahuatl coyotl)creole (from criollo)criollo (English term refers to someone indigenous to South America; Spanish term originally referred to anyone from a particular locality)dago (offensive ethnic term comes from Diego)dengue (Spanish imported the word from Swahili)desperadodorado (type of fish)El Nià ±o (weather pattern, means The Child due to its appearance around Christmas)embargo (from embargar, to bar)enchilada (participle of enchilar, to season with chili)fajita (diminutive of faja, a belt or sash, probably so named due to strips of meat)fiesta (in Spanish, it can mean a part y, a celebration, a feast - or a fiesta) filibuster (from filibustero, derived from Dutch vrijbuiter, pirate)flan (a type of custard)flauta (a fried, rolled tortilla)flotillafrijol (English regionalism for a bean)galleon (from Spanish galeà ³n)garbanzo (type of bean)guacamole (originally from Nahuatl ahuacam, avocado, and molli, sauce)guerrilla (In Spanish, the word refers to a small fighting force. A guerrilla fighter is a guerrillero.)habanero (a type of pepper; in Spanish, the word refers to something from Havana)hacienda (in Spanish, the initial h is silent)hammock (from jamaca, a Caribbean Spanish word)hoosegow (slang term for a jail comes from Spanish juzgado, participle of juzgar, to judge)huarache (type of sandal)hurricane (from huracn, originally an indigenous Caribbean word)iguana (originally from Arawak and Carib iwana)incomunicadojaguar (from Spanish and Portuguese, originally from Guarani yaguar)jalapeà ±ojerky (the word for dried meat comes from charqui, which in turn came from the Quechua charki)jicama (ori ginally from Nahuatl) key (the word for a small island comes from the Spanish cayo, possibly of Caribbean origin)lariat (from la reata, the lasso)lasso (from lazo)llama (originally from Quechua)machetemachismomacho (macho usually means simply male in Spanish)maize (from maà ­z, originally from Arawak mahà ­z)manatee (from manatà ­, originally from Carib)mano a mano (literally, hand to hand)margarita (a womans name meaning daisy)mariachi (a type of traditional Mexican music, or a musician)marijuana (usually mariguana or marihuana in Spanish)matador (literally, killer)menudo (Mexican food)mesa (In Spanish it means table, but it also can mean tableland, the English meaning.)mesquite (tree name originally from Nahuatl mizquitl)mestizo (a type of mixed ancestry)mole (The name for this delightful chocolate-chili dish is sometimes misspelled as molà © in English in an attempt to prevent mispronunciation.)mosquitomulatto (from mulato)mustang (from mestengo, stray)nachonada (nothing)negro (comes from either th e Spanish or Portuguese word for the color black) nopal (type of cactus, from Nahuatl nohpalli)ocelot (originally Nahuatl oceletl; the word was adopted into Spanish and then French before becoming an English word)olà © (in Spanish, the exclamation can be used in places other than bullfights)oregano (from orà ©gano)paella (a savory Spanish rice dish)palomino (originally meant a white dove in Spanish)papaya (originally Arawak)patio (In Spanish, the word most often refers to a courtyard.)peccadillo (from pecadillo, diminutive of pecado, sin)peso (Although in Spanish a peso is also a monetary unit, it more generally means a weight.)peyote (originally Nahuatl peyotl)picaresque (from picaresco)pickaninny (offensive term, from pequeà ±o, small)pimento (Spanish pimiento)pinole (a meal made of grain and beans; originally Nahuatl pinolli)pinta (tropical skin disease)pinto (Spanish for spotted or painted)pià ±atapià ±a colada (literally meaning strained pineapple)pià ±on (type of pine tree, sometimes spelled pinyon)plantain (from pltano or plntano) plazaponcho (Spanish adopted the word from Araucanian, an indigenous South American language)potato (from batata, a word of Caribbean origin)pronto (from an adjective or adverb meaning quick or quickly)pueblo (in Spanish, the word can mean simply people)puma (originally from Quechua)punctilio (from puntillo, little point, or possibly from Italian puntiglio)quadroon (from cuaterà ³n)quesadillaquirt (type of riding whip, comes from Spanish cuarta)ranch (Rancho often means ranch in Mexican Spanish, but it can also mean a settlement, camp or meal rations.)reefer (drug slang, possibly from Mexican Spanish grifa, marijuana)remuda (regionalism for a relay of horses)renegade (from renegado)rodeorumba (from rumbo, originally referring to the course of a ship and, by extension, the revelry aboard)salsa (In Spanish, almost any kind of a sauce or gravy can be referred to as salsa.)sarsaparilla (from zarza, bramble, and parrilla, small vine)sassafras (from sasafrs)savanna (from obsolete Spanish à §avana, originally Taino zabana, grassland) savvy (from sabe, a form of the verb saber, to know)serape (Mexican blanket)serrano (type of pepper)shack (possibly from Mexican Spanish jacal, from the Nahuatl xcalli, adobe hut)siestasilosombrero (In Spanish, the word, which is derived from sombra, shade, can mean almost any kind of hat, not just the traditional broad-rimmed Mexican hat.)spaniel (ultimately from hispania, the same root that gave us the words Spain and espaà ±ol)stampede (from estampida)stevedore (from estibador, one who stows or packs things)stockade (from a French derivation of the Spanish estacada, fence or stockade)taco (In Spanish, a taco can refer to a stopper, plug or wad. In other words, a taco originally meant a wad of food. Indeed, in Mexico, the variety of tacos is almost endless, far more varied than the beef, lettuce and cheese combination of U.S.-style fast food.)tamale (The Spanish singular for this Mexican dish is tamal. The English comes from an erroneous backformation of the Spanish plural, tamale s.) tamarillo (type of tree, derived from tomatillo, a small tomato)tangotejano (type of music)tequila (named after a Mexican town of the same name)tobacco (from tabaco, a word possibly of Caribbean origin)tomatillotomato (from tomate, derived from Nahuatl tomatl)toreadortornado (from tronada, thunderstorm)tortilla (in Spanish, an omelet often is a tortilla)tuna (from atà ºn)vamoose (from vamos, a form of to go)vanilla (from vainilla)vaquero (English regionalism for a cowboy)vicuà ±a (animal similar to a llama, from Quechua wikuà ±a)vigilante (from adjective for vigilant)vinegarroon (from vinagrà ³n)wrangler (some sources say word is derived from Mexican Spanish caballerango, one who grooms horses, while other sources say the word comes from German)yucca (from yuca, originally a Caribbean word)zapateado (a type of dance emphasizing movement of the heels)

Health Club Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Health Club Business - Coursework Example ....................................13 16.0 Risk management .......................................................................14 Bibliography Executive summary N&M is a ladies-only health centre located in Luton. It offers physical fitness programs that are specially designed to meet the unique needs of women. The facility targets a selected portion of the ladies market, mainly the middle and upper class women. This business plan outlines the mission, aims and goals of the business. It also makes an extensive analysis of its market, customer base, competitors and the marketing strategy that the business will use in order to venture into the market. There is a clear outline of the kind of people the business requires for it to be successfully operational and their expected compensations for the various groups of people it will employ. In addition, the plan indicates a detailed profit forecast and detailed monthly cash flow forecast for the first year of operation. This is followe d by an explanation of the chances of success of the project and an acknowledgment of the probability of its failure. Finally, it outlines possible risks and potential ways of managing them. 1.0 Introduction There is an increased need to create a personalised environment for women so as to encourage them to pursue their fitness goals. The number of women who have an active life but do not seem to spend sufficient time in gyms or other physical fitness activities is higher. It is also evidently, there a high number of women looking for fitness centres where their unique needs can be met. It is for these reasons that N&M was established as a female only physical fitness gym. 2.0 Business details N&M is a health club, a female-only physical fitness gym that offers... This research will begin with the statement that there is an increased need to create a personalised environment for women so as to encourage them to pursue their fitness goals. The number of women who have an active life but do not seem to spend sufficient time in gyms or other physical fitness activities is higher. It is also evidently, there a high number of women looking for fitness centres where their unique needs can be met. It is for these reasons that N&M was established as a female only physical fitness gym. N&M is a health club, a female-only physical fitness gym that offers exercise equipment, massage, swimming lessons, weight reduction and weight training program, fitness classes, and childcare centre. The centre seeks to create the most conducive and personalised environment where females of ages 18-50 can pursue their fitness and weight reduction goals. The business specifically focuses on urban professional women, young mothers and urban entrepreneurial women who are l ooking for a fitness centre that can focus on their unique needs. The childcare centre provides a range of play activities that keep the children of the clients happy. From the selection of machines, professional training staff to the organisation of the childcare centre, Smart Ladies has created a supportive fitness and weight reduction experience that will attract new members by a word of mouth. N&M operates as a sole proprietorship. The business will be domiciled in a strategic location in an uptown street in Luton.

Social Class and Impact this has Upon Young Children's Learning and Essay

Social Class and Impact this has Upon Young Children's Learning and Early Years Practice - Essay Example This essay sresses that the primary purpose of this study was to identify the parenting practices that mediate relations between persistent, recent, and transitional poverty and the externalizing and internalizing behaviors of 0- to eight-year-old children. Poverty was hypothesized to influence children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors indirectly by affecting maternal emotional unresponsiveness, use of physical discipline, fewer stimulating experiences, and a lower-quality home physical environment. With the exception of the effects of poverty transitions, poverty estimates generally cross-validate. This report makes a conclusion that negative relations between poor social class transitions and fewer stimulating experiences, lower-quality home physical environment, and children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors were unexpected. A possible explanation for these findings is that parents use financial resources in periods of relative economic prosperity to enhance the quality of the physical environment and ease economic hardship during years of poverty. This interpretation is consistent with Garrett, Ng'andu, and Ferron's NLSY study, which found that increases in family income had the strongest effect of any predictor on subsequent total HOME scores for children who were born poor. The large increase in the total effects of persistent poverty on both outcomes when the poverty transition variable was placed in the model suggests that the effects of poverty could well be much greater in the absence of periods of relative economic well-being.

Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact On Company Performance Management Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact On Company Performance Management Essay Traditionally, governments were the main providers of development assistance and were responsible for stimulating social development. In recent years, Corporate Social Responsibility has gained considerable ground and it is now common for corporations to get involved in activities resembling those carried out in the name of development assistance. Organizations which eventually practice this approach are looking for answers for questions such as does Corporate Social Responsibility really payoff, are the objectives set by the CSR manager really fulfilled, is their money worth spending at such practices? Considering the current financial scenario around the globe, managers are in dire need to make better, precise and eventually correct decisions. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate (1) if we can reap tangible benefits such as higher financial performance, higher employee commitment, and better reputation by engaging in CSR activities (2) if developing countries would benefit from corporate involvement. (3) Can corporations benefit by gaining access to new markets along with sustaining present markets and will it lead to innovative business strategies. Appropriate literature for this thesis has been derived from previous research journals, thesis, case studies, news paper articles and magazines which have helped us in acquiring general understanding and finding the scope and nature of the subject. The conclusion up till now is that CSR has played an important role in enhancing an organizations image and reputation along with bringing positive change in customers purchasing patterns. I KEYWORDS Corporate Social Responsibility; CSR Payoff; Impact on Company Performance Page No 17 Figure 2-1 CSR and Marketing Strategies Drivers and Constraints III LIST OF TABLES Page No 6 12 Table 1-1 Karachi Sector Division Table 2-1 Potential Benefits of Being Socially Responsible III INTRODUCTION The introducing chapter of this thesis provides a background of our study along with a concept of corporate social responsibility. It also aims to highlight the subjects topicality, significance, and the studys objective on which literature review would be based. Furthermore, the kind of research methodology used along with how the data collected would be interpreted is discussed. Finally, the studys scope, limitations, and significance are discussed. 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In todays competitive world the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become one of the imperative strategies for the companies to stand out in the cut throat market environment. In circumstances where market dimensions and customers preferences become more unpredictable and complex, CSR can play an extra pivotal role to cope up with such situations. But even still managers are confused or rather unaware of whether their CSR approach will prove to be beneficial for them as less efforts have been put into finding out the results of their implementation. Initially CSR was evolved around corporate philanthropy but after passing through several phases it has entered into a new dimension with solidarity movements and environmental activism from the civil sector which is now highly involved in business activities. Accordingly pressures from governments, courts, civil organizations, NGOs, WTO have compelled corporations to follow stringent parameters of corporate behavior, forcing them towards legal compliance, doing business for betterment of the society and less occurrence of damage to civil society and environment and protecting the consumers. In Pakistan, however, where poverty, illiteracy, corruption is the talk of the town CSR journey is in its initial phases and is still struggling to be accepted in its first phase i.e. of philanthropy and legal compliance which is society and government focused. But still some leading organizations in Pakistan have realized that the government alone is not in a position to handle this everlasting situation and have finally spread their arms to help them out in this hour of need. The present societal marketing concept has started making inroads into Pakistan. Many leading corporations have accepted this challenge and have adapted this approach and begun to promote themselves and their brands by associating with it. CSR hence has open new ventures of competition and leading and non-leading corporations are in the race to make a mark on general public and show how much efforts they are putting in to CSR. Companies embrace the responsibility of serving to its stakeholder through different ways; it may be in the shape of improvising their internal operations so that employees, customers, society and environment do not get hurt or doing an act or deed that may increase their customer, employee, supplier loyalty etc. There are numerous ways to show how socially responsible an organization is or wants to be but is this act or deed actually fulfilling the objectives that managers had laid down. What are the success rates achieved by applying CSR? Did customers actually buy their product after looking at a beautiful monument donated to the government? There are many such questions that need to be answered so that managers in future feel confident in taking the right CSR decisions. Ultimately, does CSR payoff or is it a tradeoff between social criteria and investment returns? 1.2 CSR ITS DIFFERENT VIEWS For CSR there exists contrasting point of views, supporters of this concept argue that CSR is the source of value enhancement of any organization, while some organizations argue that the social work is the responsibility of the government and not the business. As awareness regarding pay off of CSR has increased, the debate regarding CSR seems to be disappearing. Prior goals and strategies evolved only around profit maximization with no view of serving the society at large. There have been controversial statements issued in the past such as the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits stated by Nobel Laureate Milton Friedman, September 1970, in New York Times Article. However since the birth of this approach CSR has been touched upon by many authors who show its importance and its inevitable desire to stay in business and society. The birth of CSR has been a long debate with various researchers having different views over its time period and the individuals involved. There have been different arguments placed over it genesis with some saying that its birth took place when in 1930s there was a debate between AA Berle and E Merrick Dodd over the role of managers (Post 2003 ; Turner 2006). Others such as Carroll have described Bowen as the modern Father of Corporate Social Responsibility and believe that his work marks the beginning of the modern period of literature on CSR. Peter Drucker was one of the first to explicitly address CSR, including public responsibility as one of the eight key areas for business objectives developed in his 1954 book, The Practice of Management. While Drucker believed that managements first responsibility to society involved making a profit, he felt it was also most important that management consider the impact of every business policy and action upon society (Joyner Payne 2002, p. 302). The World Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication Making Good Business Sense by Lord Holme and Richard Watts, used the following definition. Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large The best definition that suits our research is by Mallen Baker published on his website which states that CSR is about how companies manage their business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. 1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT Traditionally, governments were the main providers of development assistance and were responsible for stimulating social development. In recent years, Corporate Social Responsibility has gained considerable ground and it is now common for corporations to get involved in activities resembling those carried out in the name of development assistance. Organizations which eventually practice this approach are looking for answers for questions such as does Corporate Social Responsibility really payoff, are the objectives set by the CSR manager really fulfilled, is their money worth spending at such practices? Considering the current financial scenario around the globe, managers are in dire need to make better, precise and eventually correct decisions. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION Based on previous discussion in the preliminary phase and the problem statement, the following questions arise; Does CSR really payoff? In order to provide an in depth answer to this question, the following sub questions are derived which are also our 1.5 OBJECTIVES OF OUR STUDY 1. Does CSR influence consumer purchasing decision? 2. Does CSR provide an opportunity for a firm to have a competitive advantage? 3. Is there a relationship between CSR activities and corporate performance? 4. Do people perceive a CSR implementing organization and a non CSR implementing organization as same by keeping all other factors constant? 1.6 DATA COLLECTION METHODS Primary Data: In order to measure and quantify our research, survey methods will be used for primary data collection. Questionnaires will be distributed among employees, customers, students and general public. This will help us in getting accurate information regarding the payoffs of CSR and decisions regarding CSR investments. Secondary Data: Secondary data will involve a thorough analysis of related research articles, journals, publications, magazines, newspapers and studies from both international and local websites. 1.7 DATA ORGANIZATION The relationship between organizations corporate social responsibility initiatives and its pay offs is of valued importance. This research has both opportunity and potential. Initially, appropriate literature will be derived from previous researches, case studies and news paper articles which will help us acquire general understanding and finding the scope and nature of the subject. Subsequently, unstructured interviews would then be carried out with professionals concerned within the subject of corporate social responsibility. The purpose of the interview will be to discuss the success and failures caused while implementing CSR in their organizations and would also help in further understanding and approaching the topic in a more creative way. Furthermore our subject will also be discussed thoroughly with our thesis coordinator for better guidance and direction. The literature stage would constitute of thorough understanding of previous researches and theoretical frameworks which are relevant, accurate to our study. Both national and international researches will be considered with no limit concerning the point of time the research was carried out. Internet search engines such as Google will be used comprehensively. Keywords such as Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR payoff, Impact on Company Performance will be used along with other phrases to find the most accurate literature online. 1.8 SAMPLING The sampling frame will constitute of employees (Business Sector) and students (Higher Education Sector) that lie in four different zones of Karachi i.e. North, South, East, and West. The sample for survey will be selected through Non-Probability Stratified/Quota sampling method. There will be two different questionnaires designed for employees and the general public/customers. Questionnaires will comprise of closed-ended questions so that it would be convenient to analyze the findings. The analysis will finally be done on Microsoft Excel. SAMPLING SIZE Below is the breakup for the sample size: Table 1-1: Karachi Sector Divisions KARACHI BUSINESS SECTOR EDUCATION SECTOR North 75 Questionnaires 75 Questionnaires South 75 Questionnaires 75 Questionnaires East 75 Questionnaires 75 Questionnaires West 75 Questionnaires 75 Questionnaires 1.9 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Our study will be beneficial for organizations as well as for society and the government. Organizations will be able to better realize the importance of CSR and hence can then engage themselves in long term strategies rather than focusing on short term tactics. As a result of this activity society can then be served more effectively. Due to this a multiplier effect can be generated and a cash starved government can also benefit from this approach. Findings of our study will help organization to find out the way to utilize resources on social welfare and up liftmen efficiently and effectively. 1.10 SCOPE LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The scope of the study is to quantify the impact of CSR activities and measure its performance to see whether the investment done in implementing CSR has really paid off or not. As students we lack sufficient resources to broaden the geographical scope of the study and extend it to whole of Pakistan, which has forced us to limit our study to Karachi, Pakistan only. Also employees, customers, general public and other students will be involved in our sampling frame, which might lead to biased responses as they will consider us premature students rather than professional researchers. In order to measure the impact of CSR we will have to limit our study and findings to only those CSR initiated projects which are visible to masses. Only then can we be able measure the impact correctly as than our findings will reflect the true scenario. This study is being conducted for an academic purpose with certain time constraints and has to be completed within minimum resources available. The study will be completed by last week of April 2011. LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION We have entered the new millennium with countless societal, environmental, political legal, health issues surrounding us but there seems to be no respite when we talk about corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its numerous false dawns that have occurred in the past decades. Perhaps, business shocks and scandals which involved some huge organizations such as Enron, WorldCom and Nike, Shell, together with the impact of rapid climate change on the environment, have played a major role in pushing organizations irrespective of their sizes to rethink their responsibilities towards their stakeholders and rationalize their attitudes according to the societal norms. The upcoming conversations about CSR suggests that it is a normative, multi-level concept, whose meaning depends on various perspectives and relationships, and, that it changes in response to social trends (Silberhorn, D Warren, RC 2007) . Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has variously been described as a motherhood issue (Ryan 2002), the hot business issue of the noughties (Blyth 2005) and the talk of the town in corporate circles these days (Mees Bonham 2004). While earlier thoughts of CSR often had a regional, person-centered philanthropic focus, recent conceptions of CSR are inclusive, broad and diverse (Silberhorn, D Warren, RC 2007). Due to the diverse philosophical status that CSR has achieved over the years it has seriously hampered the theoretical development as well as research into the implementation of these policies (Goebbels, 2002). In order to start research, the first step that has to be taken is to explore how corporations are themselves defining and interpreting CSR. Most empirical studies of CSR have been focused on firms in the USA, Canada and the UK, but few have attempted to assess whether definitions of CSR differ between countries (Hopkins, 2004). These are one of reasons that have led to slow development of CSR in developing countries such as Pakistan. Swanson (1995) suggested that there were three main types of motivation for CSR which helps in engulfing organizations towards this approach: The utilitarian perspective (an instrument to help achieve performance objectives); The negative duty approach (compulsion to adopt socially responsible initiatives to appease stakeholders); and The positive duty view (businesses self-motivated regardless of social pressures) (Maignan Ralston 2002) Companies are primarily reactive with respect to CSR, responding to external pressures rather than proactively defining CSR (LEtang, 1994; Vogel, 2005). Here, industry-specific issues as well as public visibility play a role. ODwyer (2003), Esrock and Leichty (1998) found that companies from sectors with a high-environmental impact had to respond more to external pressures. In addition, societal developments appear to force businesses to evolve their thinking for CSR (Carroll, 1999; Wilson, 2000; Zadek, 2004). Such pressure is said to increase when codified by legislation (Pinkston and Carroll, 1996; ODwyer, 2003). Mass media are then also seen to exert control and build pressure by making company behavior public (Pinkston and Carroll, 1996). There has been a significant growth of CSR firms in the past ten years and the growth is mainly associated with economic development of a region or a state (Poddi, L Vergalli, S 2009). Preston and O, Bannon 1997, Woddock and Graves 1997, MacWilliams Sieger 2001, tried to establish if there exists a link between social responsibility and the performance of firms. Their results were ambiguous and did not show any connection. While on the other hand Poddi, L Vergalli, S 2009 states that there is a clear positive relation between CSR and performance, and it has been proved that CSR influences a firms performance. Lacey, R Kennett-Hensel, PA (2010) noted that customers CSR perceptions are positively linked to their trust in and commitment to the firm. Their findings also show how a firm that engages in CSR initiatives may reap rewards by building trusting and committed customer relationships which, in turn, help forge desirable customer behaviors. It is also been evident from the research that customers level of commitment has a positive effect on purchase behavior, word-of-mouth communications, and following the firms performance. Addressing social issues comes at a cost to business (Tim Barnett). Till the businesses internalize the costs of CSR actions, they keep on hurting their competitive position in the market. This argument is truly relevant in todays context especially after prevailing globally competitive environment, which is if businesses in one country expand assets to address social issues, but those in another country do not. Some argue that employees are not trained to address such problems. This suggests that organizational involvement in CSR may actually make the situation worse. Corporations can best serve societal interests by sticking to what they do best, which is providing quality goods and services and selling them at an affordable price to people who desire them (Tim Barnett) Reasons behind the failure of the CSR are that people often dont have enough knowledge regarding the environment and their rights (Vogel, D 2008). Results from CSR practice cannot be seen quickly. On the other hand, it cannot be directly linked to improved financial performance of the company (Bugariska, B 2009). We can find many examples of organization which have been and are implementing CSR approach but still have not been able to able to increase their reputation and performance (Vogel, D 2008). BP (British Petroleum) is one recent case whose image has been badly affected after its oil spill off Mexico Coast in 2010, before that it was enjoying a strong CSR reputation and had even made a positive contribution towards society and changed its identity. But if we look at the, Goldman Sachs Report (2007) it clearly shows companies that are considered leaders in implementing environmental, social and governance (ESG) policies to create sustained competitive advantage have outperformed the general stock market by 25 percent since August 2005. Additionally, 72% of these companies have outperformed their peers over the same period (Bugariska, B 2009). Any publicized disaster might become an opportunity for good companies to show their social inclinations. The same could be seen with different ts unami or earthquake caused destructions, or the recent floods in Pakistan (2010). CSR strategies may work under certain conditions, but they are highly vulnerable to market failures, including such things as imperfect information, externalities, and free riders (Doane, D 2005). I have not been able to find any research that shows CSR to be a bad thing, states Holme, C 2010. But does it pay? Is it worth doing? We can find enormous web sites of large corporations which only outlay a positive picture. Negative examples are not even touched upon. Research that shows that the heaviest polluters are not the heaviest reporters only serves to confirm the suspicion that the whole story is not being told properly (Brooks, 2009). Holme, C 2010, argues that within organizations CSR activities that support and develop the competitive uniqueness of a business offer considerable opportunities to secure a place in the market. The evidence that he presents is that businesses are still developing their CSR related values during a period of recession which proves its importance for even firms to survive in these harsh times. University of Michigan business administration professor Aneel Karnani believes that companies do what they do because they are responsible to their shareholders. One of the members of top management of the Best Buy Public Affairs Company said that they dont allocate budget for CSR separately but they consider it as the integral part of their companys business model, they are of the opinion that success lies behind CSR. 2.1 CSR CUSTOMERS CSR is rising sharply as a corporate priority: by 2011, the percentage of executives giving high priority to CSR is expected to be 70% (Franklin 2008). There is a belief that firms designs CSR actions because they care and consider CSR activities as companys moral obligation (Vlachos, PA, Tsamakos, A, Vrechopoulos, AP, Avramidis, PK 2008). Some studies (McWilliams and Siegel 2000; Mohr et al., 2001) suggest there is no effect of CSR on consumer loyalty. But according to Casteldo (2008) consumers are interested in the social behavior of firms and the CSR profile of a firm largely influences their purchasing decisions. Sen and Bhattacharya (2001) suggest that CSR can affect consumers intentions to purchase. It is important for firms to communicate and advertise firms CSR initiatives to its customers (Du 2007) which provides greater credibility, and strength to its brand with competitive advantage (Teresa, T, Uncles, MD 2006). It may appear that the strength of CSR as a communication tool can be affected by factors such as consumer involvement and/or switching costs. Not all individuals perceive CSR actions in the same way (BÃ ©nabou, R Tirole, J 2009). CSR is more beneficial when it is not promoted as per normal advertisements, by doing this a favorable impact on the organizations goodwill can be reaped (MOHR, LA, WEBB, DJ HARRIS, KE 2001). A recent study in Pakistan (Ali 2010) confirms that in a developing country context, there is no positive relationship between awareness of corporate social responsibility activities and consumer purchase intention. In developed countries though a lot of pressure has been forced on companies to consider CSR practices which has given rise to organic products and products created according to fair trade ethical and environmental principles (Azmat, F, Samaratunge, R 2009). Table 2-1 Source: Swaen, V 2002, p 7. 2.2 DOES CSR AFFECT PURCHASING DECISIONS? Consumers need to be aware of a firms level of social responsibility before the affects can be quantified (Varadarajan Menon 1988). Ross, Stutts, and Patterson (1990-91) found that 53 percent of a sample could recall a CSR based advertisement, while Webb Mohr (1998) found 79 percent of a sample could describe a specific CSR based campaign only after the concept was explained to them. Customer lacks responsiveness towards CSR because they dont have much knowledge regarding CSR (MOHR, LA, WEBB, DJ HARRIS, KE 2001). Though people study regarding CSR as its clear from the quantity sold of a renowned book Shopping for a better world which is explaining multiple angles of corporate social responsibility (Council on Economic Priorities 1994). As mentioned above we can easily figure out that consumers really desire knowledge on how to spend their money better. Most of the previous studies shown that organization have put less efforts to make people aware first and then taken initiative rather they assumed that people know regarding initiative. However, CSR can be used as a strategic tool to enhance the reputation and public image of a business institution, while at the same time, prove to be profitable for an institution in the long-run (Dusuki, AW Dar, H 2005). The 1999 CondRoper Cause Related Trends Report has researched upon consumer responses to companies participation in CSR based marketing (Cone Communications Press Release 1999). Studies that were conducted since 1993 have shown that more than 80% firms have reported a positive image if it is involved in promoting particular cause. Furthermore, two-thirds of the sample said they are likely to switch brands or retailers to those participating in CSR activities. When research was conducted by Ross and his group members based on 225 sample regarding CSR initiatives by firms, they identified that 55% respondents would purchase a product if they get to know that the firm is supporting a cause. More than 50% respondents were also inclined to switch their brand in near future as the result of the CSR involvement of the company. In another research conducted by Smith and Alcorn (1991) identified that majority of the respondents were of the view that they would switch their brands because the company make donations to nonprofit organizations, and nearly a third (30%) stated that they sometimes buy products simply because the manufacturer supports charitable causes. Consumers also expect firms to protect the environment and behave ethically and that they sometimes base their purchasing decisions on these factors (MOHR, LA, WEBB, DJ HARRIS, KE 2001). However, no surveys could be found that attempt to measure the proportion of people whose purchasing is actually affected. 2.3 OVERVIEW OF DIFFERENT SECTORS In Stock Markets, CSR activities do not generate shareholder value in short run but it is also not correct to say that CSR activities do not generate a negative impact on the market value of a company. This is usually because investors think that CSR activities do not affect the future cash flows of a firm (Karlsson, J Chakarova, Y 2008). Research findings in housing sector showed that a great majority of buyers in Malaysia expected a socially responsible developer to provide more CSR features. However, less wealthy buyers were more sensitive to house price. However all participants were ready to pay for extra CSR features (Yam, LHS 2008). In the banking sector, unless the stakeholders perceive CSR investments as being beneficial, these investments may prove to be ineffective. It would appear that CSR activities have been employed too hastily (Calabrese, A Lancioni, F 2008). 2.4 CSR PAKISTAN SOCIETY In Pakistan, mostly multinationals are implementing CSR, competition being the reason behind. Organizations like Unilevers, P G Nestle, Siemens, ICI Pakistan, Pepsi, and Coca Cola have led the scene in Pakistan. Many national companies such as Engro, Jung Group, National Foods Pakistan, English Biscuits Manufacturing have also entered the race. Lately banks have also started following this new trend. In developing countries such as Pakistan, the concept of CSR has been intermingled with the concept of philanthropy or charity (Visser, W). Aga Khan Foundation and Resource Centre NGO conducted a survey of senior officials in over a hundred major companies working in Pakistan and found out that there is enormous potential for involving businesses in community improvement activities. Corporations in Pakistan are donating cash to education and health sectors. Generally pharmaceutical, chemical, food and beverage industries donate their products on a customary basis to different charities and beneficiaries, and also actively react to disaster relief contingencies resulting by floods and other unforeseen natural calamities by donating required products to the affected areas (Ali 2004). Unfortunately the local industry not completely realizing the importance of CSR; proper investment in this area is not been done. Electronic media as well as print media are often silent on this topic. According to a research conducted by Ali, I, Rehman, K, Yilmaz, AK, Nazir, S Fatima Ali, J 2010, they found very low awareness level in customers about CSR, with no linkage between CSR activities and customer purchase intentions. On the other hand D.Dodd, M in his research states that a positive association exists between an organizations involvement in CSR programs and consumers purchase intentions. It can be pointed out that while making a buying decision, customers in Pakistan do not consider corporations contribution towards society. But significant relationship was found between service quality and customer satisfaction. The results showed that customers are ready to pay more attention to pricing strategies than CSR activities of service providers. CSR is now a core business management issue the world over including Pakistan. The stakeholder has finally arrived to share the boardroom agenda with the stock-holder says Waheed, A (2005) in a UNDP report. From labor unions to watchdog organizations, there are multiple organizations available that have the responsibility of establishing and awarding credential to organizations that wishes to be judged for its impact on society. These include ISO 14000 (for environmental management systems), the SA 8000 (social accountability standard) and numerous more. At national level, Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has made a first contribution by forming Code of Corporate Governance, and the 2002 Trade Policy formed by the government of Pakistan. Pakistan itself has had to learn quickly in adapting to the CSR paradigm. The country has suffered billion of dollars of damage through the 1990s and still are. International buyers are now continuously asking for CSR credentials from Textile and other edible good industry. Within this environment, it is unavoidable for Pakistan to stay away from CSR (Waheed, A 2005) or the whole economy might collapse. 2.5 CSR PERFORMANCE Belu, C Manescu, C (2009) in their research have found a continuous positive correlation between socially responsible initiatives and financial position of a firm. This proves that there is potential for increased profitability when conducting business with CSR in sight. There is a positiv

Nutrition and Body Essay

All macromolecules are essential to the body. One has to have the right amount of all of the macromolecules in order to be healthy. It is believed that high protein diets with carbohydrate restriction causes weight loss. However as a result of high protein diet, one damages his/her kidney which is responsible for filtering proteins from blood. In the article, Janine says, â€Å"If you eat too much proteins and not enough carbs you can ruin your kidneys forever.† I agree with Janine, one has to have enough carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are important in the body as they provide energy for short term storage. However if one does not have enough carbohydrates in his/her diet, it affects the brain. Glucose from carbs is the fuel that brain uses to produce energy that moves and motivates one therefore one has to have glucose in the body. Mitchell has this misunderstanding about carbs and fat. Mitchell thinks that if one cuts down on carbs, he/she is actually training the body to burn fat instead. Fats and carbohydrates are two different things. If one is gaining weight, that’s because of calories. The amount of calories one takes causes obesity. Obesity is linked with poor body image. A positive body image is maintained by eating foods that contain fewer calories in it. A person’s weight is affected by genetic inheritance, nutrition and physical activity. Perceived body size is affected by media, puberty, and peer groups. All these factors affect body weight and perceived body size. Metabolism refers to all chemical processes that go on continuously inside the body. The amount of kilojoules your body burns at any given time is affected by your metabolism. Thyroid gland located below the larynx produces thyroid hormone which controls metabolism, growth, body temperature, muscle strength and appetite. Homeostasis is the process used by the body to maintain a stable internal environment. Hormonal regulation of metabolism such as when blood sugar levels rise in the body, insulin is secreted by the pancreas to covert glucose into glycogen, and when sugar levels in blood fall, glucagon is secreted by the pancreas to convert glycogen into glucose. If people have high blood sugar, they get diabetes. If people have low blood sugars, they get headaches, hunger, pale skin etc. Maintaining a normal blood sugar level is very important in the body. In the article, Mitchell says, â€Å"I get pretty hungry and I was getting headaches.† I think it’s because of having low blood sugar level. Mitchell has high  insulin and less glucagon hormone in the body. The advice I would give to Mitchell is to stop dieting and eat healthy foods that contain fewer calories. Mitchell needs to have physical exercises, healthy foods and self-concept.

The Role of Women in the Epic of Gilgamesh - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 570 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Gilgamesh Essay Did you like this example? Men always are symbol of power and change but women have played a crucial role through the history. As Beyonce said: Who run the world? Girls! Maybe she was right. We have seen many times during the history that a man was the king and ruler but many times because of a woman, peace and war was created. Before females were considered very important because they are able to continue human life by giving birth. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, the woman plays a very significant role and had tremendous influence. A prostitute took Enkidu from wild animal life and put him in the human world. Shamhat lures Enkidu, protector of nature, into her arms with the fruits of her womanhood by offering him sexual satisfaction. She was a prostitute who lived in the city of Uruk. She was left in the forest so she can sleep with Enkidu and make the other animals abandon him. Enkidu was living as an animal, surrounded by animals. Nonetheless, he is drawn to the prostitute. She was wise and knew nature, so it wasnt hard for her to seduce him.She used to mention Gilgamesh to him and seduce him to go and meet him by saying : You are just like him. You will love him like your own self. (Foster 13) . Than he didnt got accepted anymore by the animals in the forest. He was an innocent taken by the spell of a woman. Then he met Gilgamesh and they journey started there. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Role of Women in the Epic of Gilgamesh" essay for you Create order Ninsun gives Enkidu to Gilgamesh as a brother as well as her knowledge. Ninsun, Gilgameshs mother, adopts Enkidu and allows him to have a human family. Ninsun was a loving, caring mother and also provided guidance. Gilgamesh decides he wants to meet Humbaba in battle, so he can leave his mark on the world. Humbaba was a terrible monster who personifies evil. Enkidu describes him as a force of nature itself, with a mouth of fire (The Epic of Gilgamesh Summary and Analysis of Tablet II and Tablet III) . Ninsun fears about Gilgameshs life. She prays to Shamash to protect Gilgamesh and paces a sacred pendant around Enkidus neck. After she adopted Enkidu their bond between Enkidu and Gilgamesh gets stronger. They became brothers that will follow each other into the most dangerous battles. Ishtar makes Gilgamesh crazy by taking Enkidus life and sends him in the trip for Immortality that changes Gilgamesh forever. Because of Gilgamesh rejected her she asked for Bull of Heaven to be released to kill Gilgamesh. Both Enkidu and Gilgamesh fought together and won the fight. After Ishtar sees what happened, she courses Gilgamesh. Gods were angry and were deciding if Gilgamesh or Enkidu should die as punishment. Later Enkidu tells Gilgamesh about a wired dream that predicts his death. Gilgamesh asked for help from Gods but they gave Enkidu a slow and painful death for killing the Bull of Heaven. After Enkidu dies, Gilgameshs personal journey begins to learn the secret of immortality. During this journey he meets he looks out for Utnapishtim to learn the secret of immortality but on his way he talks to Utnapishtims wife and learns a valuable lesson. In conclusion , women in the Epic of Gilgamesh were full of knowledge and they knew this knowledge was useful to others. If it wasnt for their impact and actions maybe we would have never heard about the Epic of Gilgamesh.